DeFi

Supply APY

The annualized interest rate earned by depositors (lenders) in a lending protocol. Supply APY equals the borrow APY multiplied by the utilization rate, minus any protocol fees. For example, if borrow APY is 10% and utilization is 80% with a 10% protocol cut, supply APY is approximately 7.2%. Depositors earn yield passively as borrowers pay interest on their loans.

IDsupply-apyAliasLend APYAliasDeposit APY

Plain meaning

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The annualized interest rate earned by depositors (lenders) in a lending protocol. Supply APY equals the borrow APY multiplied by the utilization rate, minus any protocol fees. For example, if borrow APY is 10% and utilization is 80% with a 10% protocol cut, supply APY is approximately 7.2%. Depositors earn yield passively as borrowers pay interest on their loans.

Mental model

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Technical context

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AMMs, routing, liquidity, lending, and trading infrastructure.

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Supply APY (supply-apy)
Category: DeFi
Definition: The annualized interest rate earned by depositors (lenders) in a lending protocol. Supply APY equals the borrow APY multiplied by the utilization rate, minus any protocol fees. For example, if borrow APY is 10% and utilization is 80% with a 10% protocol cut, supply APY is approximately 7.2%. Depositors earn yield passively as borrowers pay interest on their loans.
Aliases: Lend APY, Deposit APY
Related: Lending Protocol, Utilization Rate, Borrow APY
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These branches show which concepts this term touches directly and what sits one layer beyond them.

Branch

Lending Protocol

A DeFi protocol that enables users to deposit tokens to earn yield and borrow tokens against collateral. Key Solana lending protocols include Solend, MarginFi, Kamino, and Save (formerly Solend v2). Lending rates float based on utilization (borrowed/deposited). Deposits receive interest-bearing receipt tokens representing their share.

Branch

Utilization Rate

The percentage of total deposited assets currently borrowed in a lending protocol, calculated as total borrows divided by total deposits. Utilization rate is the primary input to interest rate models: higher utilization drives up borrow rates to incentivize repayment and attract new deposits. Most Solana lending protocols (Kamino, MarginFi) target an optimal utilization of 70-90%, with rates spiking sharply above this threshold.

Branch

Borrow APY

The annualized interest rate paid by borrowers in a lending protocol, expressed as annual percentage yield with compounding. Borrow APY is determined algorithmically by the interest rate model based on the pool's utilization rate. On Solana lending protocols like Kamino and MarginFi, borrow APY typically ranges from 2-15% for major assets but can spike above 100% during high utilization periods.

Next concepts to explore

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DeFi

Lending Protocol

A DeFi protocol that enables users to deposit tokens to earn yield and borrow tokens against collateral. Key Solana lending protocols include Solend, MarginFi, Kamino, and Save (formerly Solend v2). Lending rates float based on utilization (borrowed/deposited). Deposits receive interest-bearing receipt tokens representing their share.

DeFi

Utilization Rate

The percentage of total deposited assets currently borrowed in a lending protocol, calculated as total borrows divided by total deposits. Utilization rate is the primary input to interest rate models: higher utilization drives up borrow rates to incentivize repayment and attract new deposits. Most Solana lending protocols (Kamino, MarginFi) target an optimal utilization of 70-90%, with rates spiking sharply above this threshold.

DeFi

Borrow APY

The annualized interest rate paid by borrowers in a lending protocol, expressed as annual percentage yield with compounding. Borrow APY is determined algorithmically by the interest rate model based on the pool's utilization rate. On Solana lending protocols like Kamino and MarginFi, borrow APY typically ranges from 2-15% for major assets but can spike above 100% during high utilization periods.

DeFi

Swap

The exchange of one token for another through a DEX, either via an AMM pool or an order book. The user specifies an input token/amount and receives output tokens at the current market rate minus slippage and fees. On Solana, swaps settle in a single transaction (~400ms) with fees typically 0.01-0.3% per trade.

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DeFiborrow-apy

Borrow APY

The annualized interest rate paid by borrowers in a lending protocol, expressed as annual percentage yield with compounding. Borrow APY is determined algorithmically by the interest rate model based on the pool's utilization rate. On Solana lending protocols like Kamino and MarginFi, borrow APY typically ranges from 2-15% for major assets but can spike above 100% during high utilization periods.

AliasBorrow Rate
DeFicirculating-supply

Circulating Supply

The number of tokens currently available and tradeable in the open market, excluding locked, vesting, or otherwise restricted tokens. Circulating supply is used to calculate market capitalization (price times circulating supply). It increases as vesting schedules unlock tokens and decreases as tokens are burned. The gap between circulating and max supply indicates future dilution potential.

DeFimax-supply

Max Supply

The absolute maximum number of tokens that can ever exist for a given token. Max supply is either enforced programmatically (by revoking mint authority after initial minting) or defined as a cap in the tokenomics design. For example, SOL has no hard max supply due to ongoing inflation, while many project tokens have a fixed max supply set at TGE. Max supply is used to calculate fully diluted valuation.

Related terms

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DeFilending

Lending Protocol

A DeFi protocol that enables users to deposit tokens to earn yield and borrow tokens against collateral. Key Solana lending protocols include Solend, MarginFi, Kamino, and Save (formerly Solend v2). Lending rates float based on utilization (borrowed/deposited). Deposits receive interest-bearing receipt tokens representing their share.

DeFiutilization-rate

Utilization Rate

The percentage of total deposited assets currently borrowed in a lending protocol, calculated as total borrows divided by total deposits. Utilization rate is the primary input to interest rate models: higher utilization drives up borrow rates to incentivize repayment and attract new deposits. Most Solana lending protocols (Kamino, MarginFi) target an optimal utilization of 70-90%, with rates spiking sharply above this threshold.

DeFiborrow-apy

Borrow APY

The annualized interest rate paid by borrowers in a lending protocol, expressed as annual percentage yield with compounding. Borrow APY is determined algorithmically by the interest rate model based on the pool's utilization rate. On Solana lending protocols like Kamino and MarginFi, borrow APY typically ranges from 2-15% for major assets but can spike above 100% during high utilization periods.

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DeFi

AMM (Automated Market Maker)

A protocol that enables token swaps using algorithmic pricing against pooled liquidity instead of matching individual buyers and sellers. AMMs use mathematical formulas (typically constant product x*y=k) to determine prices based on the ratio of tokens in a liquidity pool. On Solana, major AMMs include Raydium, Orca, and Meteora.

DeFi

CLMM (Concentrated Liquidity Market Maker)

An AMM design where liquidity providers concentrate their capital within specific price ranges instead of across the full 0-to-infinity range. CLMMs dramatically improve capital efficiency—LPs earn more fees per dollar deposited within their active range. If the price moves outside the range, the position becomes inactive. Orca Whirlpools and Raydium CLMM are leading implementations on Solana.

DeFi

Liquidity Pool

A smart-contract-held reserve of two or more tokens that enables trading via an AMM. Users deposit token pairs in specified ratios to become liquidity providers and earn trading fees. Pools are identified by their token pair and fee tier. Pool depth (total value locked) determines price impact for trades.

DeFi

LP Token

A token issued to liquidity providers representing their proportional share of a pool's reserves and accrued fees. LP tokens can be burned to withdraw the underlying assets. The value of LP tokens changes as the pool's token ratios shift and fees accumulate. LP tokens are often stakeable in yield farming programs for additional rewards.