Glossary OS

Leitura rápida

Comece pela explicação mais curta e útil antes de aprofundar.

An MEV strategy where a searcher places their transaction immediately after a target transaction in the same block to profit from the state change it creates. For example, after a large swap moves a pool's price away from other markets, a backrunner submits an arbitrage trade to capture the price difference. Backrunning is generally considered less harmful than frontrunning or sandwich attacks because it does not worsen execution for the original transaction.

Modelo mental

Use primeiro a analogia curta para raciocinar melhor sobre o termo quando ele aparecer em código, docs ou prompts.

Pense nisso como um bloco de construção que ajuda a ligar uma definição isolada ao sistema maior onde ela vive.

Contexto técnico

Coloque o termo dentro da camada de Solana em que ele vive para raciocinar melhor sobre ele.

Clusters, nós, atores de MEV, roteamento e ambientes operacionais.

Por que builders ligam para isso

Transforme o termo de vocabulário em algo operacional para produto e engenharia.

Este termo destrava conceitos adjacentes rapidamente, então funciona melhor quando você o trata como um ponto de conexão, não como definição isolada.

Handoff para IA

Use este bloco compacto quando quiser dar contexto aterrado para um agente ou assistente sem despejar a página inteira.

Backrunning (backrunning)
Categoria: Rede
Definição: An MEV strategy where a searcher places their transaction immediately after a target transaction in the same block to profit from the state change it creates. For example, after a large swap moves a pool's price away from other markets, a backrunner submits an arbitrage trade to capture the price difference. Backrunning is generally considered less harmful than frontrunning or sandwich attacks because it does not worsen execution for the original transaction.
Relacionados: MEV (Valor Máximo Extraível), Searcher (MEV), Arbitrage

Glossary Copilot

Faça perguntas de Solana com contexto aterrado sem sair do glossário.

Use contexto do glossário, relações entre termos, modelos mentais e builder paths para receber respostas estruturadas em vez de output genérico.

Abrir workspace completa do Copilot

Pergunta

Explicar este código

Opcional: cole código Anchor, Solana ou Rust para o Copilot mapear primitivas de volta para termos do glossário.

Faça uma pergunta aterrada no glossário

O Copilot vai responder usando o termo atual, conceitos relacionados, modelos mentais e o grafo ao redor do glossário.

Grafo conceitual

Veja o termo como parte de uma rede, não como uma definição sem saída.

Esses ramos mostram quais conceitos esse termo toca diretamente e o que existe uma camada além deles.

Ramo

MEV (Valor Máximo Extraível)

The profit a block producer (leader) or sophisticated trader can extract by controlling the ordering, inclusion, or exclusion of transactions within a block — including strategies like front-running, back-running, sandwich attacks, and arbitrage. On Solana, MEV dynamics differ from Ethereum because there is no public mempool; transactions are forwarded directly to the current leader, making latency and validator relationships central to MEV capture. The Jito infrastructure provides the dominant MEV marketplace on Solana through bundles and tips.

Jito (MEV Infrastructure)Front-Running

Abrir termo

Ramo

Searcher (MEV)

An MEV actor that monitors on-chain state and pending transactions to identify profitable opportunities such as arbitrage, liquidations, or backruns, and submits transaction bundles through Jito's Block Engine to capture that value. Searchers compete on speed and strategy, paying tips to validators for bundle inclusion priority. Searcher operations range from beneficial (keeping markets efficient through arbitrage) to extractive (sandwich attacks that harm regular users).

Bundle (Jito)

Abrir termo

Ramo

Arbitrage

The practice of profiting from price differences for the same asset across different markets. On Solana, arbitrage bots exploit price discrepancies between DEXs (e.g., SOL/USDC on Orca vs Raydium) or between spot and perpetual prices. Arbitrage is often executed via Jito bundles for guaranteed atomic execution and front-running protection.

Empréstimo Flash DEX Aggregator

Abrir termo

Próximos conceitos para explorar

Continue a cadeia de aprendizado em vez de parar em uma única definição.

Estes são os próximos conceitos que valem abrir se você quiser que este termo faça mais sentido dentro de um workflow real de Solana.

Rede

MEV (Valor Máximo Extraível)

The profit a block producer (leader) or sophisticated trader can extract by controlling the ordering, inclusion, or exclusion of transactions within a block — including strategies like front-running, back-running, sandwich attacks, and arbitrage. On Solana, MEV dynamics differ from Ethereum because there is no public mempool; transactions are forwarded directly to the current leader, making latency and validator relationships central to MEV capture. The Jito infrastructure provides the dominant MEV marketplace on Solana through bundles and tips.

Abrir termo

Rede

Searcher (MEV)

An MEV actor that monitors on-chain state and pending transactions to identify profitable opportunities such as arbitrage, liquidations, or backruns, and submits transaction bundles through Jito's Block Engine to capture that value. Searchers compete on speed and strategy, paying tips to validators for bundle inclusion priority. Searcher operations range from beneficial (keeping markets efficient through arbitrage) to extractive (sandwich attacks that harm regular users).

Abrir termo

DeFi

Arbitrage

The practice of profiting from price differences for the same asset across different markets. On Solana, arbitrage bots exploit price discrepancies between DEXs (e.g., SOL/USDC on Orca vs Raydium) or between spot and perpetual prices. Arbitrage is often executed via Jito bundles for guaranteed atomic execution and front-running protection.

Abrir termo

Rede

Banking Stage

The critical TPU pipeline stage in which Solana validators execute transactions, update account state, and produce entries that will be packed into a block. Banking stage receives forwarded transactions from the fetch and sigverify stages, acquires account locks via the scheduler, runs transactions through the SVM, and writes results to the accounts database. It is the computational heart of block production and is where compute unit limits, priority fee ordering, and parallel execution all converge.

Abrir termo

Termos relacionados

Siga os conceitos que realmente dão contexto a este termo.

Entradas de glossário só ficam úteis quando estão conectadas. Esses links são o caminho mais curto para ideias adjacentes.

Redemev

MEV (Valor Máximo Extraível)

The profit a block producer (leader) or sophisticated trader can extract by controlling the ordering, inclusion, or exclusion of transactions within a block — including strategies like front-running, back-running, sandwich attacks, and arbitrage. On Solana, MEV dynamics differ from Ethereum because there is no public mempool; transactions are forwarded directly to the current leader, making latency and validator relationships central to MEV capture. The Jito infrastructure provides the dominant MEV marketplace on Solana through bundles and tips.

Abrir termo

Redesearcher

Searcher (MEV)

An MEV actor that monitors on-chain state and pending transactions to identify profitable opportunities such as arbitrage, liquidations, or backruns, and submits transaction bundles through Jito's Block Engine to capture that value. Searchers compete on speed and strategy, paying tips to validators for bundle inclusion priority. Searcher operations range from beneficial (keeping markets efficient through arbitrage) to extractive (sandwich attacks that harm regular users).

Abrir termo

DeFiarbitrage

Arbitrage

The practice of profiting from price differences for the same asset across different markets. On Solana, arbitrage bots exploit price discrepancies between DEXs (e.g., SOL/USDC on Orca vs Raydium) or between spot and perpetual prices. Arbitrage is often executed via Jito bundles for guaranteed atomic execution and front-running protection.

Abrir termo

Mais na categoria

Permaneça na mesma camada e continue construindo contexto.

Essas entradas vivem ao lado do termo atual e ajudam a página a parecer parte de um grafo maior, não um beco sem saída.

Rede

Mainnet Beta

Solana's primary production cluster where real SOL and real economic activity occur; the "beta" designation reflects the network's ongoing protocol development despite being fully live since March 2020. It uses the same architecture as other clusters but with real validator stakes, live staking rewards, and permanent on-chain state. All production dApps, tokens, and NFTs exist on Mainnet Beta.

Abrir termo

Rede

Devnet

A persistent public Solana cluster intended for application development and testing, running the same software version as Mainnet Beta but with no real economic value. Devnet SOL can be freely airdropped via the CLI or faucet APIs, and the ledger may be reset periodically by Solana Labs. Developers use Devnet to test programs and integrations before deploying to Mainnet Beta.

Abrir termo

Rede

Testnet

A public Solana cluster used primarily by the Solana core team and validators to test new software releases, performance benchmarks, and network upgrades under real network conditions before they reach Mainnet Beta. Testnet SOL has no monetary value, and the ledger is reset more frequently than Devnet; it is less suitable for application development and more suited for validator operators validating their infrastructure.

Abrir termo

Rede

TPS (Transações por Segundo)

The rate at which a Solana cluster processes and commits transactions; Solana's theoretical maximum exceeds 65,000 TPS due to its parallel execution model, though real-world sustained throughput on Mainnet Beta typically ranges from 2,000–5,000 non-vote TPS under normal load. Vote transactions (used for consensus) make up a significant portion of all on-chain activity and are counted separately. High TPS is enabled by Proof of History timestamps, Sealevel parallel execution, and Gulf Stream mempool-less forwarding.

Abrir termo