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Blockchain Geral

Runes

A Bitcoin fungible token protocol created by Casey Rodarmor that launched at block 840,000 on April 20, 2024, coinciding with the fourth Bitcoin halving. Unlike BRC-20, Runes is UTXO-native, using OP_RETURN to store token data directly in transaction outputs without creating junk UTXOs. The protocol allows multiple token transfers in a single transaction and briefly accounted for over 80% of Bitcoin transactions in its first days.

IDrunes-protocolAliasBitcoin RunesAliasRunes Protocol
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A Bitcoin fungible token protocol created by Casey Rodarmor that launched at block 840,000 on April 20, 2024, coinciding with the fourth Bitcoin halving. Unlike BRC-20, Runes is UTXO-native, using OP_RETURN to store token data directly in transaction outputs without creating junk UTXOs. The protocol allows multiple token transfers in a single transaction and briefly accounted for over 80% of Bitcoin transactions in its first days.

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Runes (runes-protocol)
Categoria: Blockchain Geral
Definição: A Bitcoin fungible token protocol created by Casey Rodarmor that launched at block 840,000 on April 20, 2024, coinciding with the fourth Bitcoin halving. Unlike BRC-20, Runes is UTXO-native, using OP_RETURN to store token data directly in transaction outputs without creating junk UTXOs. The protocol allows multiple token transfers in a single transaction and briefly accounted for over 80% of Bitcoin transactions in its first days.
Aliases: Bitcoin Runes, Runes Protocol
Relacionados: Bitcoin, UTXO Model, BRC-20, Bitcoin Ordinals
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Ramo

Bitcoin

The first decentralized cryptocurrency network, launched in 2009 by the pseudonymous Satoshi Nakamoto, using a Proof-of-Work consensus mechanism and a UTXO-based transaction model. Bitcoin's protocol enforces a fixed supply cap of 21 million BTC, with new coins issued through mining block rewards that halve approximately every four years. It serves as both a peer-to-peer electronic cash system and a store of value, with its scripting language enabling basic programmability such as multisig and timelocks.

Prova de Trabalho (PoW)Bitcoin Halving
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Ramo

UTXO Model

The accounting model used by Bitcoin (and derived chains like Litecoin and Zcash) where balances are represented as a set of unspent transaction outputs rather than account balances. Each transaction consumes one or more UTXOs as inputs and creates new UTXOs as outputs; the difference between input and output values constitutes the transaction fee. The UTXO model enables natural parallelism and simple verification but makes stateful smart contracts more complex compared to account-based models like Ethereum or Solana.

Bitcoin Script
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Ramo

BRC-20

An experimental fungible token standard on Bitcoin using Ordinals inscriptions in JSON format to deploy, mint, and transfer tokens. BRC-20 tokens store state in inscription data and require off-chain indexers to track balances, as Bitcoin has no native token state concept. The standard gained significant adoption in 2023-2024 but creates excessive junk UTXOs, leading to the development of the UTXO-native Runes protocol as an alternative.

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Ramo

Bitcoin Ordinals

A protocol created by Casey Rodarmor in January 2023 that assigns a unique serial number (ordinal) to each individual satoshi based on mining order, enabling satoshis to carry arbitrary data (inscriptions) stored in Taproot witness data. Inscriptions can contain images, text, HTML, or other media up to the ~4 MB block weight limit, creating non-fungible digital artifacts natively on Bitcoin. Over 63 million inscriptions were created by early 2024.

TaprootSatoshi
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Blockchain Geral

Bitcoin

The first decentralized cryptocurrency network, launched in 2009 by the pseudonymous Satoshi Nakamoto, using a Proof-of-Work consensus mechanism and a UTXO-based transaction model. Bitcoin's protocol enforces a fixed supply cap of 21 million BTC, with new coins issued through mining block rewards that halve approximately every four years. It serves as both a peer-to-peer electronic cash system and a store of value, with its scripting language enabling basic programmability such as multisig and timelocks.

Abrir termo
Blockchain Geral

UTXO Model

The accounting model used by Bitcoin (and derived chains like Litecoin and Zcash) where balances are represented as a set of unspent transaction outputs rather than account balances. Each transaction consumes one or more UTXOs as inputs and creates new UTXOs as outputs; the difference between input and output values constitutes the transaction fee. The UTXO model enables natural parallelism and simple verification but makes stateful smart contracts more complex compared to account-based models like Ethereum or Solana.

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Blockchain Geral

BRC-20

An experimental fungible token standard on Bitcoin using Ordinals inscriptions in JSON format to deploy, mint, and transfer tokens. BRC-20 tokens store state in inscription data and require off-chain indexers to track balances, as Bitcoin has no native token state concept. The standard gained significant adoption in 2023-2024 but creates excessive junk UTXOs, leading to the development of the UTXO-native Runes protocol as an alternative.

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Blockchain Geral

Bitcoin Ordinals

A protocol created by Casey Rodarmor in January 2023 that assigns a unique serial number (ordinal) to each individual satoshi based on mining order, enabling satoshis to carry arbitrary data (inscriptions) stored in Taproot witness data. Inscriptions can contain images, text, HTML, or other media up to the ~4 MB block weight limit, creating non-fungible digital artifacts natively on Bitcoin. Over 63 million inscriptions were created by early 2024.

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Comumente confundido com

Termos próximos em vocabulário, sigla ou vizinhança conceitual.

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Blockchain Geralbitcoin-layer-2

Bitcoin Layer 2

Scaling and programmability solutions built on top of Bitcoin's base layer that extend its functionality while inheriting some degree of Bitcoin's security. Major approaches include the Lightning Network (payment channels), Stacks (smart contracts via Proof of Transfer), Liquid Network (Blockstream's federated sidechain), and ZK-rollups like Citrea (using BitVM for settlement). These solutions address Bitcoin's limited throughput (~7 TPS) and restricted scripting.

AliasBitcoin L2
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Blockchain Geralrollup

Rollup

A Layer 2 scaling technique that executes transactions off-chain, bundles them, and posts compressed data back to L1. Optimistic rollups assume transactions are valid and use fraud proofs for disputes (7-day challenge period). ZK rollups generate cryptographic validity proofs for every batch. Rollups inherit L1 security while providing 10-100x throughput improvement.

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Blockchain Geralbitcoin

Bitcoin

The first decentralized cryptocurrency network, launched in 2009 by the pseudonymous Satoshi Nakamoto, using a Proof-of-Work consensus mechanism and a UTXO-based transaction model. Bitcoin's protocol enforces a fixed supply cap of 21 million BTC, with new coins issued through mining block rewards that halve approximately every four years. It serves as both a peer-to-peer electronic cash system and a store of value, with its scripting language enabling basic programmability such as multisig and timelocks.

AliasBTC
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Termos relacionados

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Blockchain Geralbitcoin

Bitcoin

The first decentralized cryptocurrency network, launched in 2009 by the pseudonymous Satoshi Nakamoto, using a Proof-of-Work consensus mechanism and a UTXO-based transaction model. Bitcoin's protocol enforces a fixed supply cap of 21 million BTC, with new coins issued through mining block rewards that halve approximately every four years. It serves as both a peer-to-peer electronic cash system and a store of value, with its scripting language enabling basic programmability such as multisig and timelocks.

Abrir termo
Blockchain Geralutxo-model

UTXO Model

The accounting model used by Bitcoin (and derived chains like Litecoin and Zcash) where balances are represented as a set of unspent transaction outputs rather than account balances. Each transaction consumes one or more UTXOs as inputs and creates new UTXOs as outputs; the difference between input and output values constitutes the transaction fee. The UTXO model enables natural parallelism and simple verification but makes stateful smart contracts more complex compared to account-based models like Ethereum or Solana.

Abrir termo
Blockchain Geralbrc-20

BRC-20

An experimental fungible token standard on Bitcoin using Ordinals inscriptions in JSON format to deploy, mint, and transfer tokens. BRC-20 tokens store state in inscription data and require off-chain indexers to track balances, as Bitcoin has no native token state concept. The standard gained significant adoption in 2023-2024 but creates excessive junk UTXOs, leading to the development of the UTXO-native Runes protocol as an alternative.

Abrir termo
Blockchain Geralbitcoin-ordinals

Bitcoin Ordinals

A protocol created by Casey Rodarmor in January 2023 that assigns a unique serial number (ordinal) to each individual satoshi based on mining order, enabling satoshis to carry arbitrary data (inscriptions) stored in Taproot witness data. Inscriptions can contain images, text, HTML, or other media up to the ~4 MB block weight limit, creating non-fungible digital artifacts natively on Bitcoin. Over 63 million inscriptions were created by early 2024.

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Blockchain Geralbitcoin-halving

Bitcoin Halving

A programmatic event occurring every 210,000 blocks (~4 years) that reduces the Bitcoin block reward by 50%, enforcing a disinflationary monetary policy converging on the 21 million BTC supply cap. The most recent halving occurred on April 20, 2024 (block 840,000), reducing the reward from 6.25 to 3.125 BTC per block. Halvings shift miner revenue composition toward transaction fees and have historically correlated with bull market cycles.

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Blockchain Geral

Blockchain

A distributed, append-only ledger that records transactions in cryptographically linked blocks. Each block contains a hash of the previous block, forming an immutable chain. Nodes in the network maintain copies of the ledger and reach agreement through consensus mechanisms. Blockchains enable trustless, decentralized record-keeping without a central authority.

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Blockchain Geral

Mecanismo de Consenso

The protocol by which nodes in a distributed network agree on the current state of the ledger. Common mechanisms include Proof of Work (Bitcoin), Proof of Stake (Ethereum, Solana), and BFT variants. Consensus ensures all honest nodes converge on the same transaction history despite potential network delays or malicious actors.

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Blockchain Geral

Prova de Participação (PoS)

A consensus mechanism where validators are selected to produce blocks based on the amount of cryptocurrency they have staked (locked) as collateral. PoS is energy-efficient compared to Proof of Work. Misbehaving validators risk losing their stake (slashing). Solana, Ethereum (post-Merge), Cosmos, and Cardano use PoS variants.

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Blockchain Geral

Prova de Trabalho (PoW)

A consensus mechanism where miners compete to solve computationally expensive puzzles to produce blocks and earn rewards. PoW provides strong security (51% attack resistance) but is energy-intensive. Bitcoin and pre-Merge Ethereum use PoW. The difficulty adjusts to maintain target block times regardless of total network hash power.

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