Glossary OS

Leitura rápida

Comece pela explicação mais curta e útil antes de aprofundar.

A peer-to-peer hypermedia protocol that addresses content by cryptographic hash (CID) rather than location, so the same content always resolves to the same CID regardless of which node serves it. In Solana NFT contexts, IPFS is used as an alternative to Arweave for storing off-chain metadata and media, commonly accessed via pinning services like Pinata or NFT.Storage; however, content availability depends on active pinning, making it less permanent than Arweave's endowment model without a dedicated pinning arrangement.

Modelo mental

Use primeiro a analogia curta para raciocinar melhor sobre o termo quando ele aparecer em código, docs ou prompts.

Pense nisso como um bloco de construção que ajuda a ligar uma definição isolada ao sistema maior onde ela vive.

Contexto técnico

Coloque o termo dentro da camada de Solana em que ele vive para raciocinar melhor sobre ele.

RPCs, validators, snapshots, indexação e plumbing da rede.

Por que builders ligam para isso

Transforme o termo de vocabulário em algo operacional para produto e engenharia.

Este termo destrava conceitos adjacentes rapidamente, então funciona melhor quando você o trata como um ponto de conexão, não como definição isolada.

Handoff para IA

Use este bloco compacto quando quiser dar contexto aterrado para um agente ou assistente sem despejar a página inteira.

IPFS (ipfs)
Categoria: Infraestrutura
Definição: A peer-to-peer hypermedia protocol that addresses content by cryptographic hash (CID) rather than location, so the same content always resolves to the same CID regardless of which node serves it. In Solana NFT contexts, IPFS is used as an alternative to Arweave for storing off-chain metadata and media, commonly accessed via pinning services like Pinata or NFT.Storage; however, content availability depends on active pinning, making it less permanent than Arweave's endowment model without a dedicated pinning arrangement.
Relacionados: Off-Chain Metadata (JSON), Arweave

Glossary Copilot

Faça perguntas de Solana com contexto aterrado sem sair do glossário.

Use contexto do glossário, relações entre termos, modelos mentais e builder paths para receber respostas estruturadas em vez de output genérico.

Abrir workspace completa do Copilot

Pergunta

Explicar este código

Opcional: cole código Anchor, Solana ou Rust para o Copilot mapear primitivas de volta para termos do glossário.

Faça uma pergunta aterrada no glossário

O Copilot vai responder usando o termo atual, conceitos relacionados, modelos mentais e o grafo ao redor do glossário.

Grafo conceitual

Veja o termo como parte de uma rede, não como uma definição sem saída.

Esses ramos mostram quais conceitos esse termo toca diretamente e o que existe uma camada além deles.

Ramo

Off-Chain Metadata (JSON)

The JSON file referenced by an NFT's metadata URI that contains the full description, image URL, attributes, and properties. Typically stored on Arweave (permanent, ~$0.01), IPFS/Filecoin, or Shadow Drive. The JSON schema follows the Metaplex standard: name, description, image, animation_url, attributes[], properties{files[], category}.

Token Metadata Standard

Abrir termo

Ramo

Arweave

A decentralized permanent storage protocol that uses a blockchain-like structure called the blockweave and a one-time upfront payment model (no recurring fees) to store data indefinitely, backed by an endowment mechanism. In the Solana ecosystem, Arweave is the dominant off-chain storage layer for NFT metadata JSON and media files, and is used by Metaplex's Bundlr/Irys integration to upload assets cheaply in bulk before minting, with URIs of the form ar://<txid> or https://arweave.net/<txid> stored in on-chain metadata accounts.

Abrir termo

Próximos conceitos para explorar

Continue a cadeia de aprendizado em vez de parar em uma única definição.

Estes são os próximos conceitos que valem abrir se você quiser que este termo faça mais sentido dentro de um workflow real de Solana.

Ecossistema de Tokens

Off-Chain Metadata (JSON)

The JSON file referenced by an NFT's metadata URI that contains the full description, image URL, attributes, and properties. Typically stored on Arweave (permanent, ~$0.01), IPFS/Filecoin, or Shadow Drive. The JSON schema follows the Metaplex standard: name, description, image, animation_url, attributes[], properties{files[], category}.

Abrir termo

Infraestrutura

Arweave

A decentralized permanent storage protocol that uses a blockchain-like structure called the blockweave and a one-time upfront payment model (no recurring fees) to store data indefinitely, backed by an endowment mechanism. In the Solana ecosystem, Arweave is the dominant off-chain storage layer for NFT metadata JSON and media files, and is used by Metaplex's Bundlr/Irys integration to upload assets cheaply in bulk before minting, with URIs of the form ar://<txid> or https://arweave.net/<txid> stored in on-chain metadata accounts.

Abrir termo

Infraestrutura

LaserStream

A Helius proprietary ultra-low-latency streaming product built on Geyser plugin infrastructure that delivers real-time transaction and account update notifications directly from validator nodes to subscribers, targeting sub-10ms delivery latency from transaction processing to client receipt. LaserStream is positioned for latency-critical applications such as liquidation bots, arbitrage systems, and real-time portfolio trackers that need faster and more reliable data delivery than standard WebSocket subscriptions.

Abrir termo

Infraestrutura

Indexador

A specialized off-chain service that continuously ingests on-chain data (typically via a Geyser plugin or RPC polling) and stores it in a queryable database optimized for complex lookups, aggregations, and historical queries that the RPC node's account-state store cannot efficiently serve. Indexers power DAS APIs, portfolio trackers, analytics dashboards, and DEX order-history features by transforming Solana's append-only ledger into relational or document-oriented schemas with fast secondary indexes.

Abrir termo

Comumente confundido com

Termos próximos em vocabulário, sigla ou vizinhança conceitual.

Essas entradas são fáceis de misturar quando você lê rápido, faz prompting em um LLM ou está entrando em uma nova camada de Solana.

Infraestruturaindexer

Indexador

A specialized off-chain service that continuously ingests on-chain data (typically via a Geyser plugin or RPC polling) and stores it in a queryable database optimized for complex lookups, aggregations, and historical queries that the RPC node's account-state store cannot efficiently serve. Indexers power DAS APIs, portfolio trackers, analytics dashboards, and DEX order-history features by transforming Solana's append-only ledger into relational or document-oriented schemas with fast secondary indexes.

Abrir termo

Termos relacionados

Siga os conceitos que realmente dão contexto a este termo.

Entradas de glossário só ficam úteis quando estão conectadas. Esses links são o caminho mais curto para ideias adjacentes.

Ecossistema de Tokensoff-chain-metadata

Off-Chain Metadata (JSON)

The JSON file referenced by an NFT's metadata URI that contains the full description, image URL, attributes, and properties. Typically stored on Arweave (permanent, ~$0.01), IPFS/Filecoin, or Shadow Drive. The JSON schema follows the Metaplex standard: name, description, image, animation_url, attributes[], properties{files[], category}.

Abrir termo

Infraestruturaarweave

Arweave

A decentralized permanent storage protocol that uses a blockchain-like structure called the blockweave and a one-time upfront payment model (no recurring fees) to store data indefinitely, backed by an endowment mechanism. In the Solana ecosystem, Arweave is the dominant off-chain storage layer for NFT metadata JSON and media files, and is used by Metaplex's Bundlr/Irys integration to upload assets cheaply in bulk before minting, with URIs of the form ar://<txid> or https://arweave.net/<txid> stored in on-chain metadata accounts.

Abrir termo

Mais na categoria

Permaneça na mesma camada e continue construindo contexto.

Essas entradas vivem ao lado do termo atual e ajudam a página a parecer parte de um grafo maior, não um beco sem saída.

Infraestrutura

RPC (Chamada de Procedimento Remoto)

The JSON-RPC 2.0 protocol interface through which clients communicate with Solana nodes to query chain state, submit transactions, and subscribe to events. Solana exposes a rich set of HTTP and WebSocket endpoints (e.g., getAccountInfo, sendTransaction) that abstract direct peer-to-peer network participation, making RPC the primary integration point for wallets, dApps, and indexers.

Abrir termo

Infraestrutura

Nó RPC

A Solana full node that stores ledger state and serves JSON-RPC and WebSocket requests from clients without participating in consensus or voting. RPC nodes must replay every transaction to maintain an accurate account state database, and high-throughput deployments typically run dedicated RPC nodes with large SSDs, high RAM (256 GB+), and high-bandwidth network connections to handle concurrent client load without impacting validator performance.

Abrir termo

Infraestrutura

RPC Methods

The enumerated JSON-RPC endpoints exposed by Solana nodes, covering account queries (getAccountInfo, getMultipleAccounts, getProgramAccounts), block and transaction retrieval (getBlock, getTransaction), cluster metadata (getEpochInfo, getSlot, getVersion), and transaction submission (sendTransaction, simulateTransaction). Methods accept a Commitment parameter (processed, confirmed, finalized) to control the recency-vs-safety tradeoff of returned data.

Abrir termo

Infraestrutura

getAccountInfo

An RPC method that returns the complete on-chain state of a single account identified by its base-58 public key, including its lamport balance, owner program, executable flag, rent epoch, and raw data payload encoded as base64 or base58. It is the most fundamental read primitive in Solana development and is called at the specified commitment level, with the data field being null if the account does not exist.

Abrir termo