Glossary OS

Lectura rápida

Empieza por la explicación más corta y útil antes de profundizar.

The aggregate effect on Solana network resources — primarily compute units and account space — introduced by Token Extensions (Token-2022), which adds on-chain extension data and additional CPI calls compared to the original SPL Token program. Tokens with multiple extensions (e.g., transfer fees + confidential transfers + interest-bearing) require significantly more compute budget per instruction, affecting transaction size, CPI depth, and priority fee calculations. Developers must account for the higher CU consumption of Token-2022 instructions when setting compute unit limits and priority fees to ensure reliable transaction landing.

Modelo mental

Usa primero la analogía corta para razonar mejor sobre el término cuando aparezca en código, docs o prompts.

Piensa en esto como un bloque de construcción que conecta una definición aislada con el sistema mayor donde vive.

Contexto técnico

Ubica el término dentro de la capa de Solana en la que vive para razonar mejor sobre él.

Clusters, nodos, actores de MEV, routing y entornos operativos.

Por qué le importa a un builder

Convierte el término de vocabulario en algo operacional para producto e ingeniería.

Este término desbloquea conceptos adyacentes rápido, así que funciona mejor cuando lo tratas como un punto de conexión y no como una definición aislada.

Handoff para IA

Usa este bloque compacto cuando quieras dar contexto sólido a un agente o asistente sin volcar toda la página.

Token Extensions (Network Impact) (token-extensions-network)
Categoría: Red
Definición: The aggregate effect on Solana network resources — primarily compute units and account space — introduced by Token Extensions (Token-2022), which adds on-chain extension data and additional CPI calls compared to the original SPL Token program. Tokens with multiple extensions (e.g., transfer fees + confidential transfers + interest-bearing) require significantly more compute budget per instruction, affecting transaction size, CPI depth, and priority fee calculations. Developers must account for the higher CU consumption of Token-2022 instructions when setting compute unit limits and priority fees to ensure reliable transaction landing.
Relacionados: Token-2022 (Extensiones de Token), Unidades de Cómputo (CU)

Glossary Copilot

Haz preguntas de Solana con contexto aterrizado sin salir del glosario.

Usa contexto del glosario, relaciones entre términos, modelos mentales y builder paths para recibir respuestas estructuradas en vez de output genérico.

Abrir workspace completa del Copilot

Pregunta

Explicar este código

Opcional: pega código Anchor, Solana o Rust para que el Copilot mapee primitivas de vuelta al glosario.

Haz una pregunta aterrizada en el glosario

El Copilot responderá usando el término actual, conceptos relacionados, modelos mentales y el grafo alrededor del glosario.

Grafo conceptual

Ve el término como parte de una red, no como una definición aislada.

Estas ramas muestran qué conceptos toca este término directamente y qué existe una capa más allá de ellos.

Rama

Token-2022 (Extensiones de Token)

The next-generation token program (TokenzQdBNbLqP5VEhdkAS6EPFLC1PHnBqCXEpPxuEb) that extends SPL Token with configurable extensions. Extensions include transfer fees, confidential transfers, transfer hooks, permanent delegate, non-transferable tokens, interest-bearing tokens, metadata, and more. Token-2022 is backwards-compatible with SPL Token for basic operations.

Programa SPL Token Transfer Hook

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Rama

Unidades de Cómputo (CU)

A measure of computational resources consumed by transaction execution, analogous to gas on Ethereum. Each BPF instruction costs CU; syscalls have predefined CU costs (e.g., SHA-256: 85 CU base + per-byte). Default per-instruction limit is 200,000 CU; max per-transaction is 1,400,000 CU. Priority fee cost = CU price × CU consumed.

Presupuesto de Cómputo Tarifa de Prioridad

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Siguientes conceptos para explorar

Mantén la cadena de aprendizaje en movimiento en lugar de parar en una sola definición.

Estos son los siguientes conceptos que vale la pena abrir si quieres que este término tenga más sentido dentro de un workflow real de Solana.

Ecosistema de Tokens

Token-2022 (Extensiones de Token)

The next-generation token program (TokenzQdBNbLqP5VEhdkAS6EPFLC1PHnBqCXEpPxuEb) that extends SPL Token with configurable extensions. Extensions include transfer fees, confidential transfers, transfer hooks, permanent delegate, non-transferable tokens, interest-bearing tokens, metadata, and more. Token-2022 is backwards-compatible with SPL Token for basic operations.

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Modelo de Programación

Unidades de Cómputo (CU)

A measure of computational resources consumed by transaction execution, analogous to gas on Ethereum. Each BPF instruction costs CU; syscalls have predefined CU costs (e.g., SHA-256: 85 CU base + per-byte). Default per-instruction limit is 200,000 CU; max per-transaction is 1,400,000 CU. Priority fee cost = CU price × CU consumed.

Abrir término

Red

TPS (Transacciones por Segundo)

The rate at which a Solana cluster processes and commits transactions; Solana's theoretical maximum exceeds 65,000 TPS due to its parallel execution model, though real-world sustained throughput on Mainnet Beta typically ranges from 2,000–5,000 non-vote TPS under normal load. Vote transactions (used for consensus) make up a significant portion of all on-chain activity and are counted separately. High TPS is enabled by Proof of History timestamps, Sealevel parallel execution, and Gulf Stream mempool-less forwarding.

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Red

Tip (Jito)

A SOL payment made by a searcher to a Jito tip account as part of a bundle submission, used to compensate the leader validator for including the bundle at a preferred position in the block. Tips flow to Jito's on-chain tip distribution program, which redistributes a portion to staked validators (including delegators) proportional to their stake weight, aligning validator incentives with MEV facilitation. Tips are separate from and in addition to standard transaction priority fees.

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Comúnmente confundido con

Términos cercanos en vocabulario, acrónimo o vecindad conceptual.

Estas entradas son fáciles de mezclar cuando lees rápido, haces prompting a un LLM o estás entrando en una nueva capa de Solana.

Rednetwork-congestion

Network Congestion

A state in which the volume of transaction submissions to Solana leaders exceeds available block space or processing capacity, causing elevated transaction drop rates, increased time-to-confirmation, and rising priority fee requirements to land. Congestion is typically account-local (concentrated around hot accounts like popular DEX pools or NFT mints) rather than global, reflecting Solana's local fee market design. Mitigation strategies include increasing priority fees, submitting directly to the leader's TPU, routing through staked RPC nodes (SWQoS), and using Jito bundles.

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Términos relacionados

Sigue los conceptos que realmente le dan contexto a este término.

Las entradas del glosario se vuelven útiles cuando están conectadas. Estos enlaces son el camino más corto hacia ideas adyacentes.

Ecosistema de Tokenstoken-2022

Token-2022 (Extensiones de Token)

The next-generation token program (TokenzQdBNbLqP5VEhdkAS6EPFLC1PHnBqCXEpPxuEb) that extends SPL Token with configurable extensions. Extensions include transfer fees, confidential transfers, transfer hooks, permanent delegate, non-transferable tokens, interest-bearing tokens, metadata, and more. Token-2022 is backwards-compatible with SPL Token for basic operations.

Abrir término

Modelo de Programacióncompute-units

Unidades de Cómputo (CU)

A measure of computational resources consumed by transaction execution, analogous to gas on Ethereum. Each BPF instruction costs CU; syscalls have predefined CU costs (e.g., SHA-256: 85 CU base + per-byte). Default per-instruction limit is 200,000 CU; max per-transaction is 1,400,000 CU. Priority fee cost = CU price × CU consumed.

Abrir término

Más en la categoría

Quédate en la misma capa y sigue construyendo contexto.

Estas entradas viven junto al término actual y ayudan a que la página se sienta parte de un grafo de conocimiento más amplio en lugar de un callejón sin salida.

Red

Mainnet Beta

Solana's primary production cluster where real SOL and real economic activity occur; the "beta" designation reflects the network's ongoing protocol development despite being fully live since March 2020. It uses the same architecture as other clusters but with real validator stakes, live staking rewards, and permanent on-chain state. All production dApps, tokens, and NFTs exist on Mainnet Beta.

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Red

Devnet

A persistent public Solana cluster intended for application development and testing, running the same software version as Mainnet Beta but with no real economic value. Devnet SOL can be freely airdropped via the CLI or faucet APIs, and the ledger may be reset periodically by Solana Labs. Developers use Devnet to test programs and integrations before deploying to Mainnet Beta.

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Red

Testnet

A public Solana cluster used primarily by the Solana core team and validators to test new software releases, performance benchmarks, and network upgrades under real network conditions before they reach Mainnet Beta. Testnet SOL has no monetary value, and the ledger is reset more frequently than Devnet; it is less suitable for application development and more suited for validator operators validating their infrastructure.

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Red

TPS (Transacciones por Segundo)

The rate at which a Solana cluster processes and commits transactions; Solana's theoretical maximum exceeds 65,000 TPS due to its parallel execution model, though real-world sustained throughput on Mainnet Beta typically ranges from 2,000–5,000 non-vote TPS under normal load. Vote transactions (used for consensus) make up a significant portion of all on-chain activity and are counted separately. High TPS is enabled by Proof of History timestamps, Sealevel parallel execution, and Gulf Stream mempool-less forwarding.

Abrir término