A blockchain wallet that uses the WebAuthn/FIDO2 standard for authentication via biometrics (fingerprint, face) or hardware security keys instead of seed phrases. Passkey wallets require smart contract accounts that verify P256 (secp256r1) signatures, as WebAuthn uses a different curve than Ethereum's native secp256k1. Coinbase Smart Wallet and Solana's native secp256r1 precompile are major implementations.
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A blockchain wallet that uses the WebAuthn/FIDO2 standard for authentication via biometrics (fingerprint, face) or hardware security keys instead of seed phrases. Passkey wallets require smart contract accounts that verify P256 (secp256r1) signatures, as WebAuthn uses a different curve than Ethereum's native secp256k1. Coinbase Smart Wallet and Solana's native secp256r1 precompile are major implementations.
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Passkey / WebAuthn Wallet (passkey-wallet) Category: Blockchain General Definition: A blockchain wallet that uses the WebAuthn/FIDO2 standard for authentication via biometrics (fingerprint, face) or hardware security keys instead of seed phrases. Passkey wallets require smart contract accounts that verify P256 (secp256r1) signatures, as WebAuthn uses a different curve than Ethereum's native secp256k1. Coinbase Smart Wallet and Solana's native secp256r1 precompile are major implementations. Aliases: Passkey, WebAuthn Wallet Related: Account Abstraction, Wallet
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A design pattern that replaces the rigid externally-owned account (EOA) model with programmable smart contract wallets capable of custom authentication, gas sponsorship, and batched transactions. ERC-4337 implements this on Ethereum via UserOperations, bundlers, an EntryPoint contract, and paymasters. EIP-7702 (Pectra upgrade, May 2025) extends this by allowing EOAs to delegate to smart contract logic.
Software or hardware that manages cryptographic keys and enables users to sign transactions, view balances, and interact with dApps. Hot wallets (Phantom, Solflare, Backpack) are internet-connected for convenience. Cold wallets (Ledger, Trezor) store keys offline for security. Wallets don't actually 'hold' tokens—they hold the private keys that control on-chain accounts.
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A design pattern that replaces the rigid externally-owned account (EOA) model with programmable smart contract wallets capable of custom authentication, gas sponsorship, and batched transactions. ERC-4337 implements this on Ethereum via UserOperations, bundlers, an EntryPoint contract, and paymasters. EIP-7702 (Pectra upgrade, May 2025) extends this by allowing EOAs to delegate to smart contract logic.
Software or hardware that manages cryptographic keys and enables users to sign transactions, view balances, and interact with dApps. Hot wallets (Phantom, Solflare, Backpack) are internet-connected for convenience. Cold wallets (Ledger, Trezor) store keys offline for security. Wallets don't actually 'hold' tokens—they hold the private keys that control on-chain accounts.
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A distributed, append-only ledger that records transactions in cryptographically linked blocks. Each block contains a hash of the previous block, forming an immutable chain. Nodes in the network maintain copies of the ledger and reach agreement through consensus mechanisms. Blockchains enable trustless, decentralized record-keeping without a central authority.
The protocol by which nodes in a distributed network agree on the current state of the ledger. Common mechanisms include Proof of Work (Bitcoin), Proof of Stake (Ethereum, Solana), and BFT variants. Consensus ensures all honest nodes converge on the same transaction history despite potential network delays or malicious actors.
A consensus mechanism where validators are selected to produce blocks based on the amount of cryptocurrency they have staked (locked) as collateral. PoS is energy-efficient compared to Proof of Work. Misbehaving validators risk losing their stake (slashing). Solana, Ethereum (post-Merge), Cosmos, and Cardano use PoS variants.
A consensus mechanism where miners compete to solve computationally expensive puzzles to produce blocks and earn rewards. PoW provides strong security (51% attack resistance) but is energy-intensive. Bitcoin and pre-Merge Ethereum use PoW. The difficulty adjusts to maintain target block times regardless of total network hash power.